Gas safety in rental property
For residential properties, landlords (or their agents) have a statutory duty to arrange annual Gas Safety Checks by a Gas Safe Registered Engineer.
A copy of the Gas Safety Certificate must be given to the tenant on entry and within 28 days of the annual check. A copy must also be retained by the landlord for 2 years.
You should:
- Implement a system of annual checks and maintenance for all gas appliances and flues.
- Use only a Gas Safe Registered Engineer for installations, maintenance and gas safety checks.
- Maintain safety check records, keeping copies for at least 2 years, and issuing copies to each tenant within 28 days.
- If you use a managing agent make sure the contract makes it clear who is responsible for managing gas safety checks.
- Make sure that appliances are safe and have been checked within 12 months before re-letting.
- On re-letting, remove any suspect appliances which may have been left by previous tenants and issue the new tenant/s with a copy of the safety check record on entry.
- On re-letting, even if a safety certificate is still current, visually inspect the gas installation and appliances. A leaving tenant may have left the system in an unsafe condition.
- Work closely with tenants in gaining access for maintenance, repairs, safety checks and the early reporting of faulty appliances.
- If you experience difficulties gaining access make sure you fully document this to show you have taken all reasonable steps - beware accusations of harassment.
- Ensure that all appliances meet the general regulation requirements, in particular in bedrooms and bathrooms where appliances must be of the room-sealed type or have a safety valve incorporated.
- Ensure that all water heaters have fail safe thermostats fitted.
- Do not use second hand gas appliances.
- Ensure that tenants have emergency instructions and ready access to the gas meter and the gas cut-off valve.
- Provide copies of all appliance manufacturer's operating instructions to your tenants.
A Landlord's (or his Agent's) Responsibilities:
Residential landlords or their agents are responsible for the safety of tenants and the Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 enforced by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE). They deal with the duties of landlords to ensure that gas installations, appliances, fittings and flues provided for tenants are safe.
Severe penalties for non-compliance can be imposed and deaths could result in manslaughter charges for landlords and agents. Non compliance is a criminal offence and courts can impose unlimited fines and custodial sentences. This may also invalidate your property insurance and could subsequently lead to claims for civil damages - awards in these cases have proved to be very high indeed.
The Law Relating to Gas Installations in Rental Premises:
Installation and maintenance of gas appliances and fittings must by law be carried out only by Gas Safe Registered Engineer.
You must not by law use gas appliances knowing or suspecting they are unsafe. Gas Safe Registered Engineers will disconnect appliances they find are unsafe and should not be reconnected until they have been properly repaired or replaced.
Since 1 January 1996 there are restrictions on appliances fitted in bedrooms and bathrooms. Appliances such as heaters must be of the room-sealed type. Non-room sealed types can only be fitted if they are below 14 Kilowatts and have cut off devices which automatically turn off the gas when toxic fumes build up.
Since 31 October 1998 it has been illegal to install instantaneous water heaters which are not room-sealed or fitted with a safety device which automatically turns off the gas supply when toxic fumes build up.
The gas meter and cut-off valve must be easily accessible to the occupiers.
All appliance operating instructions should be on the premises and easily available to the occupiers
If there is an escape of gas or carbon monoxide fumes the occupier of the premises must by law take reasonable steps to close off the supply and inform the gas supplier immediately. If the premises are empty, the owner, landlord or agent may have this responsibility.
When alterations are made to premises the person responsible must take into account the affects on gas appliances such as flue outlets, ventilation etc. and should have the appliances re-checked by a Gas Safe Registered Engineer.
A Landlord's Duties in relation to Gas Installation
Ensure that fittings and flues are maintained in a safe condition.
Have a safety check carried out on all gas appliances and flues annually, or within 12 months before the start of a new tenancy.
Check gas installations and appliances immediately before the start of any new tenancy, even if a safety certificate is still current.
Have all installation, maintenance and safety checks carried out only by a Gas Safe Registered Engineer.
Keep a record of each safety check for 2 years - the Gas Safe Registered Engineer will issue this.
Give a copy of the Gas Safe Registered Engineer safety check report to each existing tenant within 28 days of the safety check, or to new tenants before occupation. There is an option to display the record in holiday lets etc.
A Tenant's Duties in Relation to Gas Installations in Rental Premises
Tenants also have responsibilities imposed upon them by the gas safety regulations. Landlords should inform tenants of this fact in writing and should include a clause to this effect in the tenancy agreement.
Under no circumstances must tenants carry out DIY work on gas installations and appliances.
Tenants should inform the landlord or managing agent immediately if they know or suspect a gas system to be unsafe. It is a criminal offence to knowingly use an unsafe gas appliance.
In an emergency the tenant should turn off the gas at the main cut-off valve and inform TRANSCO immediately.
It should also be made clear to tenants that landlord's require access to the premises (giving reasonable notice) to fulfil their gas checks and maintenance requirements under the 1988 Regulations.
Properties Covered by Gas Regulations
The regulations cover residential properties of all types including houses let by councils, housing associations, private landlords, housing co-operatives and hostels and working accommodation.
Residential accommodation of all types including private houses, flats and maisonettes, bed sits (HMO), private households (lodgers) bed and breakfast, holiday cottages, chalets, caravans and house boats on inland waterways.
Gas Safe Registered Engineers
What is a Gas Safe registered engineer? A Gas Safe registered engineer has been checked to make sure they are competent and qualified to work safely and legally with gas. You can use our database of engineers to find a Gas Safe registered business in your area or call 0800 408 5500.
You can find or check a Gas Safe registered engineer 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Every engineer will carry a Gas Safe Register ID card with their own unique licence number, showing the type of gas work they are qualified to do. Before any gas work is carried out, always make sure you ask to see their Gas Safe Register ID card.
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide (CO) is widely know as the silent killer. It is highly poisonous and cannot be detected by the senses. You can't see, smell or taste its presence. Exposure to even low levels of CO can cause brain damage and death.
CO is produced by the incomplete combustion of gas, solid or liquid fuels. It arises from badly installed or poorly maintained gas appliances. Insufficient ventilation to the appliance or away from the appliance (flues and chimneys blocked) will also cause CO build up.
Signs of CO are: yellow or brown stains around the appliance, pilot lights which blow out frequently and increased condensation inside windows.
Symptoms: Fatigue, headaches, flu like symptoms such as nausea, chest pains, sudden giddiness when standing up, sickness, diarrhoea and stomach pains, erratic behaviour.
If you suspect CO: switch off appliance, open doors and windows, visit your GP and call a Gas Safe Registered Engineer.
Gas Safety - Frequently Asked Questions
What if an appliance fails the safety check?
The Gas Safe safety check record will note the defect and the engineer will disconnect the appliance. You must have the fault rectified or the appliance replaced before re-connecting.
- Which gas equipment must be checked?
The checks apply to gas appliances and fittings installed and also to portable appliances such as LPG cabinet heaters supplied by the landlord. They do not apply to appliances owned by tenants or flues/chimneys connected to tenant's appliances. Safety checks do not apply where there are gas appliances in non-residential (i.e. commercial) parts of the building. - Can I ask the tenants to take responsibility for the gas safety checks?
No. However, a contract can be drawn up between landlord and tenant for an appliance or flue to be installed in a non-residential part of the building, for example a shop or public house, which then becomes the commercial tenant's responsibility. - What happens if I use a managing agent?
You need to ensure that the management contract clearly specifies who is responsible for arranging maintenance and safety checks and keeping records. - What if my property is sub-let?
You, the landlord, may retain duties which overlap with those now acquired by the person subletting. In these cases close co-operation and clear allocation of duties needs to be agreed in the lease to ensure full compliance with the regulations. - How do I gain access to the premises for safety checks and maintenance
You need to give your tenants at least 24 hours notice, preferably a weeks notice, that a Gas Safe Registered Engineer will be calling. This notice should also be given in writing. - How do I gain access if the tenant refuses me entry?
The lease agreement should allow you as landlord reasonable access. You should take "all reasonable steps" to ensure gas safety work is carried out, which may involve giving written notice to tenants requesting access, explaining the reasons. Keep a careful record of any such action in case you are refused access and you have to demonstrate the steps you have taken to gain access. If a tenant continues to refuse you access you may need to consider reporting the problem
To your local Council - Environmental Health Officer
To the Health & Safety Executive
You may need to take court action for breach of contract as a last resort
Never, under any circumstances, should you enter without the tenant's consent or use force to gain entry - Do the checks include portable LPG gas heaters?
Yes, where a landlord has supplied portable gas appliances in residential properties these must be included in the annual safety checks. - Does a Landlord, addition to the annual gas safety check of relevant appliances, also need to have each appliance serviced?
Regulation 36 Duties of Landlords of the Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 (GSIUR) is split into two separate duties; one for maintenance of relevant gas appliances and flues and the other for annual gas safety checks. It's important that Landlords understand that an annual gas safety checks are not be considered as maintenance/service of a gas appliance unless you specifically requested the Gas Safe Registered Engineer does the service at the same time as annual safety check. Landlords are also responsible for maintenance of the gas installation pipe work, so checks should include a gas tightness test at the time of the annual gas safety check. - How do I know whether the gas installer is GAS SAFE registered?
Before allowing anyone to do checks on your property, ask to see their GAS SAFE identification (ID) card. The card tells you all you need to know about the installer (and their employees). The front shows the operative's photograph, name, trading title, Gas Safe Registered Engineer's registration number and card expiry date. The reverse lists the areas of gas work the holder is competent to carry out, with certificate expiry dates. If you wish to check the validity of the card, call the number on it (0800 408 5500) or use our on-line validation service.
Emergency Contacts
- Gas Safe - 0800 408 5500
- Gas Consumers Council - 0645 060708
- HSE Gas Advice Line - 0800 300363
- Transco Gas Emergency line - 0800 111999
- HSE Publications 01787 881165